Bilirubin is a yellow pigment made when old red blood cells are broken down. The liver processes it and passes it into bile.
- Normal range (adults)
- 0.1–1.2 mg/dL (1.71–21 µmol/L)
- Sample
- Blood
- Fasting
- Not usually needed
- Also called
- Total Bilirubin, T.Bilirubin, T Bili, Bilirubin, TBIL, Bil Total
Total Bilirubin normal range
| Group | mg/dLConventional units: US, South Asia | µmol/LSI units: UK, Europe, Australia, international |
|---|---|---|
| Adults | 0.1–1.2 | 1.71–21 |
Your report may use either unit system; labs in the Gulf often print both. Ranges also vary slightly between laboratories, so the range printed on your own report is the one to go by.
Why is the Total Bilirubin test done?
It is part of the liver function test and is checked when someone has yellow skin or eyes (jaundice).
What does a high Total Bilirubin level mean?
High bilirubin causes jaundice when it goes above about 2.5 mg/dL (43 µmol/L). Whether it is direct or indirect bilirubin that is high shows where the problem is.
Common causes
- Gilbert's syndrome (common and harmless; rises with fasting or illness)
- Hepatitis or other liver disease
- Gallstones or bile duct blockage
- Breakdown of red blood cells (hemolysis)
- Newborn jaundice
Diet and lifestyle tips
- Drink plenty of water
- Do not skip meals or fast for long if you have Gilbert's syndrome
- Avoid alcohol
- Eat a balanced diet with vegetables, fruit and whole grains
When should you see a doctor?
See a doctor for yellow eyes or skin, dark urine, pale stools or abdominal pain. Jaundice in newborns needs prompt assessment.
Last updated
This page is for general education and is not a diagnosis. Normal ranges differ between laboratories, so always compare your result with the reference range printed on your own report, and discuss abnormal results with your doctor.